Njẹ iyatọ wa laarin glacial acetic acid ati acetic acid? Glacial acetic acid jẹ wapọ pupọ, ṣe o mọ iyẹn?

图片1 拷贝

【Iyatọ】

Aaye yo ti acetic acid giga-mimọ jẹ awọn iwọn 16.7, nitorinaa acetic acid yoo dagba yinyin lẹhin iwọn otutu ti dinku, ati pe o pe ni glacial acetic acid. Acetic acid jẹ orukọ gbogbogbo, o le jẹ mimọ to gaju, tun le jẹ mimọ kekere. Glacial acetic acid ati acetic acid jẹ nkan kanna, pẹlu olfato to lagbara, iyatọ jẹ boya o lagbara, acetic acid jẹ olomi gbogbogbo ni iwọn otutu yara ti 20 ° C, ati pe o jẹ deede ni iwọn otutu kekere ti 16 ° C, eyiti a tun pe ni glacial acetic acid.

Glacial acetic acid (ọrọ mimọ), iyẹn, acetic acid anhydrous, acetic acid jẹ ọkan ninu awọn acids Organic pataki, awọn agbo ogun Organic. O ṣinṣin sinu yinyin ni awọn iwọn otutu kekere ati pe a mọ ni igbagbogbo bi glacial acetic acid. Imugboroosi iwọn didun lakoko imuduro le fa ki eiyan naa rupture. Aaye filasi jẹ 39 ℃, opin bugbamu jẹ 4.0% ~ 16.0%, ati ifọkansi ti o gba laaye ninu afẹfẹ ko kọja 25mg/m3. Acid acetic funfun yoo di didi sinu awọn kirisita ti o dabi yinyin ni isalẹ aaye yo, nitorinaa acetic acid anhydrous tun pe ni glacial acetic acid.

Ni afikun, acetic acid jẹ aṣoju adun acid akọkọ ati lilo julọ ni Ilu China. Acetic acid (36% -38%), glacial acetic acid (98%), agbekalẹ kemikali CH3COOH, jẹ ẹya monic acid Organic, paati akọkọ ti kikan.

【 Ilana】

Acetic acid le ṣee pese nipasẹ iṣelọpọ atọwọda ati bakteria. Biosynthesis, lilo bakteria bakteria, awọn akọọlẹ fun 10% nikan ti iṣelọpọ lapapọ agbaye, ṣugbọn tun jẹ ọna pataki julọ ti iṣelọpọ acetic acid, paapaa kikan, nitori ọpọlọpọ awọn ilana aabo ounjẹ ti awọn orilẹ-ede nilo pe kikan ninu ounjẹ gbọdọ wa ni pese sile nipasẹ awọn ọna ti ibi, ati bakteria ti pin si bakteria aerobic ati bakteria anaerobic.

(1) Aerobic bakteria ọna
Ni iwaju atẹgun ti o to, awọn kokoro arun Acetobacter le ṣe agbejade acetic acid lati awọn ounjẹ ti o ni ọti. Nigbagbogbo cider tabi ọti-waini ti a dapọ pẹlu awọn irugbin, malt, iresi tabi poteto ti wa ni mashed ati fermented. Awọn nkan wọnyi le jẹ fermented sinu acetic acid ni iwaju enzymu katalitiki labẹ atẹgun.

(2) ọna bakteria anaerobic
Diẹ ninu awọn kokoro arun anaerobic, pẹlu diẹ ninu awọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti iwin Clostridium, ni anfani lati yi awọn suga pada taara si acetic acid laisi iwulo fun ethanol bi agbedemeji. Sucrose le jẹ fermented sinu acetic acid ni aini atẹgun.
Ni afikun, ọpọlọpọ awọn kokoro arun ni anfani lati gbe acetic acid lati awọn agbo ogun ti o ni erogba kan ṣoṣo ninu, gẹgẹbi kẹmika, carbon monoxide, tabi idapọ ti carbon dioxide ati hydrogen.

【 Ohun elo】

1. Awọn itọsẹ acetic acid: akọkọ ti a lo ninu iṣelọpọ ti acetic anhydride, acetate, terephthalic acid, vinyl acetate / polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, ketenone, chloroacetic acid, halogenated acetic acid, bbl
2. Oogun: Acetic acid, bi epo ati ohun elo aise elegbogi, ni o kun lo ninu iṣelọpọ ti penicillin G potasiomu, penicillin G sodium, procaine penicillin, awọn tabulẹti antipyretic, sulfadiazine, sulfamethylisoxazole, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, acetylsalicylic acid, pheonenace acid , caffeine ati awọn agbedemeji miiran: acetate, soda diacetate, peracetic acid, ati bẹbẹ lọ
3. Pigment ati titẹ sita aṣọ ati didimu: ni akọkọ ti a lo ninu iṣelọpọ awọn awọ kaakiri ati awọn awọ VAT, bakanna bi titẹjade aṣọ ati sisẹ dyeing
4. Amonia sintetiki: Ni irisi epo acetate amonia omi, ti a lo bi gaasi iṣelọpọ ti a ti tunṣe lati yọkuro iye kekere ti CO ati CO2 ti o wa ninu rẹ.
5. Ni awọn fọto: A ohunelo fun a Olùgbéejáde
6. Ni adayeba roba: lo bi awọn kan coagulant
7. Ikole ile ise: bi ohun anticoagulant
Ni afikun, o tun jẹ lilo pupọ ni itọju omi, awọn okun sintetiki, awọn ipakokoropaeku, awọn pilasitik, alawọ, awọn aṣọ, iṣelọpọ irin ati ile-iṣẹ roba.


Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Oṣu kejila-18-2024